Typical shell & tube heat exchanger P&ID diagram
This shell & tube heat exchanger diagram is actually simplifiedP&ID, depicting typical arrangement of piping, instrumentation and control systems around ashell & tube exchanger. This P&ID arrangement is a generic arrangement irrespective of thetype of shell & tube exchangerused.
- Follow theseguidelines to decide the fluid allocationin the shell & tube exchanger. Determine which fluid would go to the shell side and which to the tube side. This will pave the way for rest of the design.
- Properequipment symbolshould be selected first of all, as shown in the presented drawing. This should be selected from the list of equipment symbols on the legend sheets of a particular project.
- All the nozzles on the exchanger should then be correctly represented with size and flanges. This includes inlet and outlet nozzles, drains, vents, utility connections etc.
- Inlet and outlet lines are the next to be drawn up. Line number, material class, size etc. is to be correctly assigned to each of the lines. If the unit is envisaged to be in operation while the exchanger is under maintenance, then bypass lines should be drawn up on shellside, tubeside or on both sides as shown in the drawing presented here.
- Isolation valves,spectacle blinds, spacers etc. to be used for maintenance should be drawn up next on the inlet / outlet lines. Bypass lines to be fitted with normally closed isolation valves.
- Thermal relief valve should be provided where required. Generally thermal relief valves are required on the cold liquid streams, when there is a possibility of blockage in the heating medium on the other side of exchanger. In case of such blockage, there is possibility of overheating the cold stream and hence requirement for thermal relief valve. Discharge of a relief valve to be routed to an appropriate, safe location.
- Drains and vents to be provided on both sides of the exchanger (hot and cold sides), either on the exchanger itself or inlet / outlet piping, so that the equipment can be completely drained for maintenance.
- For污染service on the tubeside, utility connections should be provided as indicated in the presented drawing, for cleaning purpose.
- Temperature and pressure gauges and transmitters to be provided as per requirements for operating and controlling the equipment. Normally temperature monitoring is required for the process side of the heat exchanger. Also generally temperature control is implemented on the process side of the exchanger.
- All the guidelines given here are very general and may be modified as per specific requirements of any particular project.
Related resources and references
- This is another detaileddiagram of a shell & tube exchanger, which lists all its parts with their TEMA nomenclature.
- Typicalspecification sheet for a shell & tube heat exchanger
- Detailed guidelines for壳牌与管换热器设计程序
- Guidelines for fluid allocationfor the shell & tube heat exchanger
- A list of calculators and tutorials useful forheat exchanger design calculations
